Lung cancer Persuasive Essay Example For Students

Lung cancer Persuasive Essay Lung cancer is the most common cancer-related cause of death among men and women. Lung cancer can be undetected for many years causing it to become more dangerous and possibly fatal. There is not cure for lung cancer or any cancer, but if detected in an early stage the lung cancer can be detected, treated, and hopefully terminated. There are many new and developing treatments being tested now that may save lives in the future. Through understanding what the lung cancer is, doctors can easily diagnose and assess cancer patients. Lung cancer takes many years to develop. The characteristics of lung cancer the same as any type of cancer but it effects the lungs. Lung cancer is caused by expose to carcinogens or cancer causing materials. After the carcinogens get into you lungs through breathing, the lining of your lungs will develop microscopic usual cells. If the exposure of the carcinogens to the cells increases, the cells will become more cancerous and will start to spread. Each infec ted cell will not do what it is suppose to do. This can limit the amount of air coming and going into your lungs, preventing the amount of oxygen that gets to your blood. Smoking is leading cause of lung cancer. Smoking causes more than 80% of lung cancer cases. When you smoke you are taking in more that 4,000 different chemicals, which are all proven to be cancerous. Even if you do not smoke you are still at risk for getting lung cancer. Second hand smoke is just as bad as smoking itself. Each of the harmful chemicals can still enter into non-smokers lungs when they are around smokers. Radon is also a leading cause of cancer. Radon is a radioactive gas that is invisible and odorless. Radon can be found in the surface of the earth. When people come in contact with radon it cause the same results as smoking, the cells be come usual. Thus leads to lung cancer. People can also come in contact with carcinogens while they are at work. Many cancer-causing chemicals can be found in the work place such as asbestos, uranium, arsenic, and petroleum. If you are exposed to these carcinogens for long periods of time, just like smoking or radon, you will develop lu ng cancer. In the early stages of lung cancer it is hard to detect the cancer. The cancer is silent and can grow and develop for years undetected. When the few symptoms of lung cancer occur, the cancer is usually very developed and often very deadly. Some symptoms are minor while others are very apparent. Some symptoms of lung cancer are chronic cough, chest pain, hoarseness, wheezing, swelling in the face and neck, weight loss, fever, loss of appetite, and shortness of breath. A doctor can diagnose lung cancer through many tests. The doctor can have x-rays and CAT scans done to see what the inside of the lungs look like. By doing this that doctor is able to see what stage the cancer is in. A doctor may also do a test called a bronchoscope. This test allows the doctor to look inside the bronchial tubes and biopsy the tumor. The doctor then can take a small amount of the cells to study them to determine if the unusual cells are cancerous. If the cells turn out to be cancerous then the patient is in for many months even years of harsh treatment. Surgery is the most common method used to treat lung cancer followed by chemotherapy or radiation. Surgery can be used if the cancer is benign. Surgery removes the cancer inside the patient. Although surgery is the most popular method, the chance of the doctor being able to remove all of the cancer is highly unlikely. Since the cells are so small and there are thousands of them it is very difficult to remove every one . When a patient uses surgery to treat the cancer, the cancer has a good chance it can come back, because it only takes a few bad cells to spread and create a tumor. One other treatment for lung cancer is radiation. Doctors can use radiation before surgery to shrink a tumor. After surgery, radiation therapy may be used to stop the growth of any cancer cells that remain. Radiation is a special kind of energy carried by waves or a stream of particles. Radiation uses high-energy rays or particles to treat cancer when used in high doses. The high doses of radiation can kill cells or keep them from growing and dividing. Radiation therapy is also used to shrink tumors and reduce pressure, bleeding, pain, or other symptoms of cancer. Radiation therapy can be external or internal. In external therapy, a machine directs the high-energy rays or particles at the cancer and the normal tissue surrounding it. Internal radiation therapy uses a radioactive substance. This substance is sealed in sma ll containers called implants. The implant is placed directly into a tumor or inserted into a body cavity. These containers kill off any cells that remain after a surgery. The most common side effects are fatigue, skin changes, and loss of appetite. These side effects may go away weeks after the radiation therapy. During radiation therapy, the body uses a lot of energy healing itself. Sometimes radiation therapy can also cause low white blood cell counts, this can cause the patient to be very prone to illness. Another treatment for lung cancer is chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is the use of drugs to treat cancer. The drugs often are called anticancer drugs. Anticancer drugs destroy cancer cells by stopping them from multiplying. Because some drugs work either together chemotherapy often may consist of many drugs. Some side effects of chemotherapy are nausea, vomiting, hair loss, fatigue, sexual compactions, and diarrhea. Chemotherapy can also make you more likely to get infections. This happens because most anticancer drugs affect the bone marrow and decrease its ability to produce white blood cells. There is no cure for lung cancer, but current research is making the possibly for a cure in the future. One type of promising research is called Photodynamic Therapy. PDT is a new investigation underway. PDT treats many different types of cancer including lung cancer. During this procedure of PDT, a bronchoscope is inserted through the patients mouth and is directed into a bronchus. An optical fiber is threaded through the bronchoscope. When the laser is turned on, light shines from the end of the optical fiber on the tumor. Red light is used for PDT because it penetrates more deeply into tissue than other colors or wavelengths. This light causes the tumor to break down. One of the main advantages of PDT in lung cancer is that it works quickly within days and PDT can work in places where surgery would not be easy. Another advantage of PDT is it can be repeated a numbe r of times, unlike radiation and chemotherapy. This allows physicians to repeatedly treat tumors and control their growth. There is also no damage to organs or healthy tissues, as occurs with radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Research is being done to find ways to increase the depth of penetration with new photosensitizing drugs and different wavelengths of light. Along with advantages PDT also has side effects. The major side effect of PDT is photosensitivity, or sensitivity to light. The photosensitizing drug currently used for PDT stays in the skin for about 4-6 weeks. During this time period, the patient must be careful not to get too much exposure to bright light like sunlight. Many people develop temporary skin darkening, much like having a suntan. Pain is another side effect of PDT. As the diseased tissue breaks down, it causes inflammation, which can cause pain. Fortunately, the pain of PDT is usually mild and is easily controlled with a painkiller. Another side effect of PDT fo r lung cancer is shortness of breath. This is from the fluid buildup in the lungs after the treatment. It is also caused by the inflammation when the cancer is broken down and removed from the body. The good news about the side effects of PDT is that they are usually temporary. Although lung cancer is the most common form of cancer many new treatments, as well as old treatments, give lung cancer patients a chance at survival. There are many causes of cancer, mainly by being exposed to carcinogens. Most of these causes can be avoided. By understanding what causes lung cancer or even simply not smoking you can lower the chance of developing lung cancer. Through understanding what lung cancer is, what causes it, and how it is treated, patients can make the process of fighting lung caner an easier task. .u50d2b7db67c7698958e3ba11e7181d0b , .u50d2b7db67c7698958e3ba11e7181d0b .postImageUrl , .u50d2b7db67c7698958e3ba11e7181d0b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u50d2b7db67c7698958e3ba11e7181d0b , .u50d2b7db67c7698958e3ba11e7181d0b:hover , .u50d2b7db67c7698958e3ba11e7181d0b:visited , .u50d2b7db67c7698958e3ba11e7181d0b:active { border:0!important; } .u50d2b7db67c7698958e3ba11e7181d0b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u50d2b7db67c7698958e3ba11e7181d0b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u50d2b7db67c7698958e3ba11e7181d0b:active , .u50d2b7db67c7698958e3ba11e7181d0b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u50d2b7db67c7698958e3ba11e7181d0b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u50d2b7db67c7698958e3ba11e7181d0b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u50d2b7db67c7698958e3ba11e7181d0b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u50d2b7db67c7698958e3ba11e7181d0b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u50d2b7db67c7698958e3ba11e7181d0b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u50d2b7db67c7698958e3ba11e7181d0b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u50d2b7db67c7698958e3ba11e7181d0b .u50d2b7db67c7698958e3ba11e7181d0b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u50d2b7db67c7698958e3ba11e7181d0b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Globalization Questionnaire EssayWords/ Pages : 1,457 / 24

Communication Effective Human Relations

Question: Discuss about theCommunicationfor Effective Human Relations. Answer: Introduction In every communication events, if not there is a correlation among proceedings and words, the communication can be incorrectly construed (Cooren, Taylor and Van Every 2013). The interaction between a caretaker and a dementia patient has been chosen as a communication event. This brought about a progression of communication theories, which will be broke down later. With a specific end goal to break down the communication theories that give most knowledge into comprehension the elements of the watched occasion, it is important to look at the changed communication models and theories utilized as a part of the watched occasion. With regards to the watched occasion, verbal and nonverbal communication, paralanguage, clamor (mental and physical), attribution blunders, body developments (insignias, illustrators, influence presentations and controllers) are the communication theories that will be analyzed to show how they all consolidate to give all the more intending to messages. Analysis and Evaluation In the perspective of any service providing settings, it is vital to have great communication between end clients and staff. It is fundamental that the staff grow great communication abilities so they have powerful communication with service clients. Furthermore, service staff must learn proficient communication procedures (and know how to apply them) to make a superior service environment (Cournoyer 2016). There are a wide range of types of communication, including, for example, verbal and non-verbal structures. There are likewise many methodologies through which great communication connections can be cultivated (or hampered) and it is basic, subsequently, that staff gain from best practice in order to guarantee that they expand the potential for the advancement of an important relationship (Fullan 2014). Great communication and interpersonal abilities are, basically, fundamental to the act of compelling service (Reece and Reece 2016). Suzanne is a patient of dementia, who in spite of being physically fit, prefers to stay in her bedroom and not socialize much. The daily visits to her home resulted in the experience of seeing her interact with her caretaker on multiple occasions. On one occasion, she was telling the caretaker that she had a weird dream the previous night. On asking what was the dream about, she replied that she just forgot. Instead of probing further, the caretaker asked her if she would like to change into fresh clothes and then helped her with it. In this situation, the humanistic theory of communication has been applied, where engaging with the patient in a positive and encouraging manner made the situation nourish individual respect. The benefits of the humanistic communication are evident with the result of a polite and effective communication (Casmir 2013). On another occasion, the caretaker brought her her favorite food and then opened the curtains for her. Suzanne displayed her gratitude on being provided with her favorite food without even asking for it and kept on saying thank you. In this instance, the cognitive behaviour and communication theory was applied. Suzannes wants were acknowledged before she had set voice to them (Montano and Kasprzyk 2015). As a result, in the responsibility as a carer, the caretaker applied her awareness and precipitated her requirements. One day, Suzanne was in her shy mode and was not interacting much with anyone in the house. The caretaker tried to make her interact by bringing up the topic of the game bingo. Suzanne did not react much with the usual greetings. On asking if she had ever played the game she replied that she had but she cannot do so now because of her age. The caretaker informed her that they would go out and play, on which Suzanne was not very happy. She went out with the caretaker, even though she did not want to be a part of any team. With time, she participated, won and then never wanted to miss a game. In this case, social theory of communication was connected as put forward by Healy (2014). Before a while is over, Suzanne had turned out to be decidedly agreeable with everybody, which demonstrates how examining a person utilizing this theory can be gainful to treatment needs. With a specific end goal to permit service clients to be completely required in the choices made that identify with their individual field, it takes after that successful communication must be utilized to empower the service clients to comprehend what is proposed for them (Gitterman and Germain 2013). Every service provider setting is, as Krauss and Fussell (2014) corroborate, required to receive and actualize the system of giving the privilege and appropriate wellsprings of successful communication to staff. Using verbal and non-verbal systems, all experts and staff are made mindful of this and they are likewise furnished with preparing identified with verbal and non-verbal methods. There are distinctive methods to bolster defenseless individuals in the wellbeing area, for example, perusing focal points and voice acknowledgment frameworks, and Braille. Conclusion This task has, through case circumstances, individual experience, and the digestion of information from existing reviews, gave an exhaustive outline of a scope of communication methods utilized as a part of the associations and related social care settings. Through tending to these focuses, the part of specialists has been noted and it has additionally been highlighted as to how imperative progressing preparing may be. References Casmir, F.L., 2013.Building communication theories: A socio/cultural approach. Routledge. Cooren, F., Taylor, J.R. and Van Every, E.J., 2013.Communication as organizing: Empirical and theoretical explorations in the dynamic of text and conversation. Routledge. Cournoyer, B.R., 2016.The social work skills workbook. Cengage Learning. Fullan, M., 2014. Leading in a culture of change personal action guide and workbook. John Wiley Sons. Gitterman, A. and Germain, C.B., 2013.The life model of social work practice: Advances in theory and practice. Columbia University Press. Healy, K., 2014.Social work theories in context: Creating frameworks for practice. Palgrave Macmillan. Krauss, R.M. and Fussell, S.R.,. Mutual knowledge and communicative effectiveness. In Galegher, J., Kraut, R.E. and Egido, C., 2014.Intellectual teamwork: Social and technological foundations of cooperative work. Psychology Press. Montano, D.E. and Kasprzyk, D., 2015. Theory of reasoned action, theory of planned behavior, and the integrated behavioral model.Health behavior: Theory, research and practice (. Reece, B. and Reece, M., 2016.Effective human relations: Interpersonal and organizational applications. Cengage Learning.

Product Feasibility Analysis Soigne Pets Essay Example

Product Feasibility Analysis: Soigne Pets Essay Product Feasibility Analysis: Soigne Pets Table of Contents Description of Product/Service Being Offered Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 The Intended Market/Industry Analysis We will write a custom essay sample on Product Feasibility Analysis: Soigne Pets specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Product Feasibility Analysis: Soigne Pets specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Product Feasibility Analysis: Soigne Pets specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Industry Overview†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 Target Market†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 External Drivers†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.5 Competition†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 Benefits of the Product/Service The Product†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 Nutritional Products†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 Pastime Products†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.7 Accessories†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 Positioning of the Product/Service SWOT Analysis of Major Competitors†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 Positioning of Product†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.9 Selling Distribution of Product/Service†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦10 Break Even Analysis Pricing Method†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..11 Break Even Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..12 Sales Revenue Cost Estimate†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.12 Profitability†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12 Gross Margin Operating Expenses†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12 Name: Instructor: Course: Date: Product Feasibility Analysis: Soigne Pets Description of Product/Service Being Offered Introduction In the contemporary era, the number of domesticated animals in numerous households in the United States has increased exceptionally over a short amount of time. Nowadays, most households own pets that are usually represented by dogs and cats. Additionally, there is evidence of an emergent upscale market that is willing to purchase expensive and unique products for their pets. Another reason attributed to the emergence of a pet upscale market is due to the luxury exuded from owning these animals. In most upscale homes, pets are revered as objects of luxury, thus increasing the need for accessories based on sustaining or exemplifying the image of the pet in order to provide the owner with a positive and luxurious image. Therefore, to cater for the needs of the pets in terms of accessories, Soigne Pets will be an excellent choice that will cater for the upscale pet owners in the region. Soigne Pets will provide high-quality products that are specifically designated for pets. The pet sto re will provide pet products for upscale pet owners who desire to see their pets enjoy an enjoyable, healthy and graceful lifestyle while being coddled. Through the callous selection of luxurious accessories produced with better-quality materials, Soigne Pets will offer a privileged line of products that celebrate the distinctiveness intrinsic in every animal’s personality. The Intended Market/Industry Analysis Industry Overview The pet store industry in the United States is one of the fastest growing markets specifically designated for pet accessories. This is attributed to the fact that the target market emerges at a rapid rate compared to other similar industries such as Veterinary services and Online pet food retail services in America. Moreover, the target market ensuring the fast growth of the pet store industry is the domestic household. According to C. Barnes Co. (25), the accessory market for pets in America occupies a quarter of the industry for pet goods. The extent at which the pet market is growing is indicated by the fact that pet food occupies 70 percent of the industry for pet commodities (Marsh, p2). Additionally, the pet accessory sector is diversified in the provision of pet goods and services. The pet boutique industry is comprised of pet shops that sell an assortment of pet accessories that include beauty supplements, health aids, furniture for cats and kennels for dogs and other physic al adornments for animals such as leashes and collars. The pet store industry has also played a crucial role in lessening the unemployment rate in the United States. This is reflected by the increase in the number of small pet boutique businesses to 13600 by the end of 2012 and wages amounting to US$ 2 billion by the end of the fiscal year. The performance of the pet store industry is considerably characterized by financial stability. The Great recession in 2007 to 2010 slowed down most businesses, including multinational corporations and small enterprises. However, the pet store sector was unaffected and continued to gain growth in revenues (Rosenberg, 61; Simpkins, p1)). Target Market The main activities intrinsic of the pet store industry are defined by specific primary activities. These chief activities include retail and wholesale of pets, pet foodstuffs and supplies and provision of grooming services for pets. Additionally, the pet boutique industry specializes in the provision of animals, supplies, food and services for domestic households, who are the main target market (Institute for Career Research, 15-21). The financial aspect of the pet store industry is significant in the determination of success of the products and services Soigne Pets is willing to offer domestic households. At a glance, the pet store industry generated revenue of US$ 14.7 billion by the end of the 2012 fiscal year from domestic households. Interestingly, the industry gained a profit of US$ 516.1 million by the end of 2012 thus indicating the ease of profitability in the industry due to an increasing customer base. Additionally, the per annum growth for the pet store sector increased to 2.8 percent between 2007 and 2012 and is expected to increase by 1 percent to 3.8 percent between 2013 and 2017 (Parker, 134-137). External Drivers The key driver in the industry’s growth was an increasing number of pet owners. The increase in the number of pet owners increased the demand for pet accessories such as pet foodstuffs and services, hence increasing financial growth in other pet-related sectors. One of the main reasons attributed to the increase in sales of pet foodstuffs and delicacies regardless of the recession is due to the owners’ relation with their pets. Most owners treat their pets as members of their family and thus strive to ensure that they provide them with daily organic and nutritious food and delicacies. Additionally, nutritionists have been affected positively by the industry’s performance indicated by their extensive advances in the provision of highly nutritious food products for the animals (Laue Tucker, 57). On a different note, another key driver in the industry is attributed to the increasing number of dogs and cats in house holds due to the increased adoption of pets in domestic households. The increase has increased the demand for accessories, food products and health facilitators. According to the APPMA (79), the standard pet owner spends up to US$ 250 on a yearly basis for pet food products. Another driver related to the industry’s performance is increased consumer disposable income. Since owners consider pets as family members, pet products are considered as non-discreet. This is because changes in disposable income do not affect demand since most households usually lessen spending on supplementary domestic and entertaining products before reducing spending on pet food products and accessories. Competition The main competitions that pet stores face in the industry are grocery suppliers and supermarkets. This is because most suppliers and supermarkets provide similar products as those offered by pet boutiques such as food products and accessories. Nevertheless, the major competitors in the pet store industry include large specialty stores. These stores include major players in the pet store sector, which are PetSmart and PETCO. PetSmart and PETCO offer premium pet products and accessories in bulk to the extent that small and medium enterprises are unable to compete with the stores. Additionally, the two major specialty stores provide clientele with a wide range of selection and at the same time operate on a considerable scale that allows them to transfer savings in costs to customers in the context of discounted prices. Described as using the Big-Box Strategy, PetSmart and PETCO have been able to dominate the Pet Store industry (Mendoes, p9). This is indicated by the PetSmart’s m arket share, which increased from 39.3 percent to 43.1 percent between 2007 and 2012 (Moldvay, 8). Additionally, PETCO’s market share is estimated at 20.2 percent of the market. Benefits of the Product/Service The Product The benefits provided by the products from Soigne Pets will be mainly aimed at providing the pets with a lifestyle that encourages fitness and health and at the same time facilitate the development of connections with owners through an assortment of pastime accessories. Soigne Pets will provide products that encourage an amusing, fit and graceful way of life for cats and dogs. The products will be classified into three main categories, which include nutritional products, pastime products and accessories. Nutritional Products The nutritional products provided by Soigne Pets will consist of pet foodstuffs and delicacies that contain the correct amount of indispensable vitamins and nutrients to guarantee a balanced and healthy diet for the animals. Providing the nutritional products will require Soigne Pets to carry three to four brands of organic pet food from three of the most successful pet food companies, Mars, Procter Gamble and Newman’s Own Organics. Soigne Pets will also acquire delicacies and snacks from companies such as Three Dog Bakery and Howling Hound Bakery. Pastime Products Engaging in pastime activities such as playing is also important in ensuring a pet gains a fit way of life. Thus, Soigne Pets will provide products that allow the pets and their respective owners to play in a chic manner. For dogs, Soigne Pets will provide toys that are designed for towing, chewing, tracking and reclaiming. For cats, the boutique will provide toys that are embedded with quality-graded catswort, which is a substance that induces euphoria and excitement in cats and other toys for fetching and chasing. Soigne Pets will provide exclusive brands of toys such as Fat Cat, Inc. and Happy Dog Toys. Accessories Soigne Pets will ensure that traveling or traversing with a pet such as a cat or a dog extends style to the owner through a chic assortment of collars, travel bags and leashes that create a fashion statement. The boutique will also provide home accessories for pets such as water and food bowls, pillows, pet furniture and pet clothing and attire produced from exemplary fabrics such as silk and faux fur. Unlike other stores for pets, Soigne Pets will target customers who demand top quality in pet classiness. In order to cater for this demand, Soigne Pets will order pet accessories and clothing from stylish brands such as Ruff Ruff and Meow. Positioning of the Product/Service SWOT Analysis of Major Competitors Positioning of the products offered by Soigne Pets requires an in-depth analysis of the factors that will determine the successful positioning of the products with respect to other similar products in the market. The factors that will be analyzed are composed of internal factors, which include the Strengths and Weaknesses, and the external factors, which include the Opportunities and Threats of the competitive pet stores in the market. These stores include PetSmart and PETCO. One of the main strengths of PetSmart is based on pet grooming. The pet store allows customers to browse over the internet at a free charge while waiting for their pets in grooming. PetSmart also possesses a reputable brand identity. This enables clientele to perceive the brand in terms of the store’s product specifications. PetSmart also enables clientele to perform online shopping. PETCO also possesses a recognized brand identity. The store also incorporates a brick and mortar design in the construction of its stores. PETCO also facilitates online shopping and employs a broad choice of essential pet requirements. In terms of weaknesses, PetSmart implies lofty costs of shipping on clientele purchasing pet foodstuffs online. Additionally, PetSmart possesses high-end brands irrespective of its broad range of pet attire and accessory brands. PetSmart also incorporates inexpert sales employees. PETCO is unable to vend pet foodstuffs online due to high costs of shipping. The store also incorporates inexpert sales employees and possesses a limited number of brands in pet attire and ancillaries. The main threat that faces both PetSmart and PETCO is intense competition. Both stores comprise 60-70 percent of the market and are thus major competitors of each other. Additionally, both firms face threat from sole entrepreneurships and emergent companies such as Cessar Millan and Polo Ralph Lauren and PG respectively due to unrestricted barriers to entry. Since both stores are major players in the industry, the opportunities available to them are based on their economies of scale. Both stores possess the f inancial capability to conduct online e-commerce for latent international clientele. Additionally, both stores possess the capability to acquire smaller stores in the market in order to increase their market share and thus raise the barriers to entry. Positioning of Product Thus, Soigne Pets, based on the SWOT analysis will be able to pursue different strategies that will enable it to position its products successfully (Hooley, 31). Foremost, Soigne Pets will focus mainly on the selection and sale of luxurious pet commodities and ancillaries as its core competency. The store will also focus on discriminating tastes respective of the owners and their pets by offering high-end commodities and ancillaries. Consequently, the storeowner will encourage customer service and satisfaction by establishing special relationships with clientele based on service that delves on the clientele’s individual preferences and the pet’s persona. Soigne Pets will also focus on providing a broad assortment of organic treats for pets. Additionally, the store will focus on targeting clients that search for the newest pet fashion design by centering on brands specifically designed for animals. Soigne Pets will also establish a website that will offer information and styles for a la mode pet owners. Finally, Soigne Pets will contribute a certain percentage (preferably 4 percent) of its profits before tax to local animal havens. Selling Distribution of Product/Service The main selling and distribution strategy that Soigne Pets in the sale and distribution of its products will be based on the use of distributors. Most pet stores employ distribution outlets as the main channels of selling and distribution due to the high costs experienced in using franchises as well as the strict regulations that accompany the conduction of businesses by franchises (Awe, 100). Moreover, Soigne Pets will not possess the financial capability to open up a franchise due to its limited start-up capital. Therefore, Soigne Pets will operate with established distributors that specialize mainly in the distribution of pet supplies such as food products and ancillaries. Additionally, Soigne Pets will take advantage of the retail distribution channel. This is because retailing allows products to be distributed in considerable quantities and concurrently provides the store with the opportunity to sell its products by using the retailer at the expense of commission (Dent, 121). Moreover, Soigne Pets will take advantage of the Internet in order to sell its products. For a starting pet store such as Soigne Pets, the Internet is the best and foremost option in conducting selling of its products. This is because the Internet provides a medium for commercial transactions and at the same time, enables the business to advertise and market its products at a lower cost. Additionally, the costs of advertising through newspapers and magazines is exorbitant hence the reason for using the Internet as a tool for selling Soigne Pets pet products. Using distribution channels for selling and distribution for Soigne Pets will enable the pet store to gain numerous advantages. One advantage of using the distribution channel is based on its function as an intermediary. The distributor will act as an intermediary between the customer and the store. This means that Soigne Pets will be able to avoid the costs of advertising or direct selling in the context of selling its products, even in the midst of incorporating the distributor’s commission margin. Additionally, Soigne Pets will be able to gain supplementary supply logistics. Lastly, consumers will be able to have a wide range of selection from the products distributed. Break Even Analysis Pricing Method The pricing method that Soigne Pets will use for price setting its products will be Cost-Plus pricing. Through Cost-Plus pricing, Soigne Pets will set the base cost as the product’s wholesale cost (Baker, 56). The profit the store receives from the sale of each product will result into the constituent for the markup. Soigne Pets will presume a margin of 55 percent on all products sold. Since the boutique will be focused on selling luxurious commodities to customers that possess a significant disposable income, Soigne Pets will focus on profit maximization from every product sold. Additionally, Soigne Pets will set high prices for the latest luxurious products on the first instance of release. However, the store will not maintain exorbitant prices since it will decrease the price in due time. Since the store will provide a broad assortment of commodities and fashion ancillaries for pets, high prices will be charged on the newest arrivals and lower the prices as the commodities become typical. Break Even Analysis Soigne Pets will include various assumptions that will be included in the forecast for sales revenue after the first year of its operations. The first assumption involves signing a rental agreement for 1 year. The rent will be stated at US$ 70000 inherent of a tax of US$ 19000 each year. Subsequently, Soigne Pets will carry out business from Monday to Saturday. Soigne Pets also estimates that the client will spend US$ 18 each visit and will visit the store two times in a month on average. Additionally, Soigne Pets will contribute 4 percent of its profits before tax to a local animal haven each quarter. Regarding the assumptions developed for the forecast, Soigne Pets will be able to gain break-even sales in one year through a break-even analysis. Therefore, the break-even sales for Soigne Pets in its first year will be US$ 263699. The break-even sales will be computed by establishing the fixed costs arising in the first year and dividing them, as a total, with the gross margin, which will be articulated as a sales percentage (Shim and Siegel, 66). Sales Revenue Cost Estimate Soigne Pets forecasts that it will gain gross revenues of US$ 296740 for the first year. Additionally, Soigne Pets will sustain its stock based on the three classes of products. During the selling of goods, the store will replenish the stock every month. Thus, Soigne Pets forecasts its cost of inventory at US$ 20000. Thus, the cost of inventory for the first year will be US$ 147000. Gross Margin Operating Expenses The gross margin for Soigne Pets, which includes the cost of the products sold from the sales, for Soigne Pets will be placed at US$ 159620 for the first year. The operational costs for Soigne Pets are based on costs of advertising, rent, expert services aid and utilities. These will be the sum operating expenses and are estimated at US$ 147907 for the first year. Profitability The estimated net profit for Year 1 for Soigne Pets will be US$ 10660. Works Cited American Pet Products Manufacturers Association. 2007-2008 Appma National Pet Owners Survey. Greenwich: American Pet Products Manufacturers Association, 2007. Print. Awe, Susan C. The Entrepreneur’s Information Sourcebook: Charting the Path to Small Business Success. Westport: Libraries Unlimited, 2006. Print. Baker, Ronald J. Pricing on Purpose: Creating and Capturing Value. Hoboken: Wiley, 2006. Print. C. Barnes Co. United States Pet Pet Supplies Stores Industry Report. Woolwich: C. Barnes Co, 2000. Print. Dent, Julian. Distribution Channels: Understanding and Managing Channels to Market. London: Kogan Page, 2008. Print. Hooley, Graham J. Marketing Strategy and Competitive Positioning. Harlow: Prentice Hall Financial Times, 2004. Print. Institute for Career Research. Management-ownership Careers in the Pet Shop Business: Selling Animals, Pet Products, and Grooming Services. Chicago: Institute for Career Research, 2010. Print. Laue, D K, and Lucy A. Tucker. Recent Advances in Pet Nutrition. Nottingham: Nottingham University Press, 2006. Print. Marsh, Frederick. â€Å"Pet Supplies Industry (International Trade)†. International Trade Forum n1 (1998). n. pag. Web. 27 Feb. 2013. Mendoes, Beth. â€Å"PetSmart and PETCO: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly†. Examiner.com. 5 Jan 2010. Web. 27 Feb. 2013. Moldvay, Caitlin. â€Å"Pet Stores in the U.S†. IBIS World Industry Report 45391 (2012): 1-34. Web. 27 Feb. 2013. Parker, Philip M. 2007-2012 World Outlook for Pet and Pet Supplies Stores. ICON Group, 2006. Print. Rosenberg, Jerry M. The Concise Encyclopedia of the Great Recession, 2007-2010. Lanham: Scarecrow Press, 2010. Print. Shim, Jae K, and Joel G. Siegel. Handbook of Financial Analysis, Forecasting, and Modeling. Paramus, Prentice Hall Press, 2001. Print. Simpkins, Jason. â€Å"Despite the Recession, the U.S. Pet Care Industry is Staying Out of the Dog House†. Money Morning. 29 May 2009. Web. 27 Feb. 2013.

Free Essays on Electronic Voting And What Should Be Done

There’s been a lot of talk about this new computer system that casts election votes. Ideally, using electronic equipment has many advantages but there are disadvantages hiding in the cave ready to attack. We’ve all seen electronic equipment often work as expected but more importantly, it’s not uncommon for electronic equipment to fail and when this sort of concept is applied to voting, miscounting is simply unacceptable. I think the best way to solve this type problem is to try to make the voting machines work without fail but to never assume it won’t fail. As we’ve seen from the arrogance of the engineers of the Titanic or from the 2004 New York Yankees, just because it looks and sounds workable, we should never assume these machines will do what it should. By this, I don’t mean the system should fail completely but we should design the system to constantly self-check itself to insure no errors have been made. In addition, the system s hould friendly so that at least at the user point-of-view, there should not be problems with confusion or misinterpretation. Overall, making an e-voting system work requires the engineer to consider the logical, defensive (security against hacking) and personal standpoint of design and do so in a sensitive, introspective manner. First and foremost, the system should be ethical. What this means is the system should be created to an acceptable and mainstream protocol. Ethics means different things to different people but we can’t satisfy all of these morals that people have all on one system since some might contradict one another so we need to decide on what the majority would find acceptable. Right off the bat, it’s important to prevent hacker attacks because people want a fair election and not a tailored one. We go to vote to voice our opinion and not that of someone else. Secondly, it’s important to let the public know what these voting machines do and how they’re secure... Free Essays on Electronic Voting And What Should Be Done Free Essays on Electronic Voting And What Should Be Done There’s been a lot of talk about this new computer system that casts election votes. Ideally, using electronic equipment has many advantages but there are disadvantages hiding in the cave ready to attack. We’ve all seen electronic equipment often work as expected but more importantly, it’s not uncommon for electronic equipment to fail and when this sort of concept is applied to voting, miscounting is simply unacceptable. I think the best way to solve this type problem is to try to make the voting machines work without fail but to never assume it won’t fail. As we’ve seen from the arrogance of the engineers of the Titanic or from the 2004 New York Yankees, just because it looks and sounds workable, we should never assume these machines will do what it should. By this, I don’t mean the system should fail completely but we should design the system to constantly self-check itself to insure no errors have been made. In addition, the system s hould friendly so that at least at the user point-of-view, there should not be problems with confusion or misinterpretation. Overall, making an e-voting system work requires the engineer to consider the logical, defensive (security against hacking) and personal standpoint of design and do so in a sensitive, introspective manner. First and foremost, the system should be ethical. What this means is the system should be created to an acceptable and mainstream protocol. Ethics means different things to different people but we can’t satisfy all of these morals that people have all on one system since some might contradict one another so we need to decide on what the majority would find acceptable. Right off the bat, it’s important to prevent hacker attacks because people want a fair election and not a tailored one. We go to vote to voice our opinion and not that of someone else. Secondly, it’s important to let the public know what these voting machines do and how they’re secure...

A Study On Becks Theory Psychology Essay

A Study On Becks Theory Psychology Essay Beck’s theory states that Individuals with dysfunctional attitudes are likely to show increases in depressed mood following the occurrence of negative events. From the cognitive perspective, we can say that depression is caused by one’s thinking. Someone with dysfunctional attitudes tends to think negatively toward themselves. When a negative event occurs which relates to that person, it triggers the negative thoughts over and over again which can lead to depression. Beck believed that the cognitive symptoms of depression actually precede the affective and mood symptoms of depression, rather than vice versa. Beck’s main argument was that depression was instituted by one’s view of oneself, instead of one having a negative view of oneself due to depression. For example, Abela and D’Alessandro’s (2002) found that the student’s negative views about their future strongly controlled the interaction between dysfunctional attitudes and the increase in depressed mood. The research clearly backed up Beck’s claim that those at risk for depression due to dysfunctional attitudes who did not get into their college of choice then doubted their futures, and these thoughts lead to symptoms of depression. The other cause of depression would be a person’s interpersonal relationship with their surroundings and the people around them. Hammen and Brennan (2001) found that 13% of the sons and 23.6 % of the daughters who were depressed had depressed mothers as compared to 3.9% of the sons and 15.9% of the daughters who were depressed lacked a depressed mother. From the social perspective, we see that the child becomes depressed because of the interpersonal relationship with his or her mother which shows how the social environment around someone can influence the behaviour or thinking of the person. The depressed adolescents of depressed mothers were also more likely to evidence dysfunctional cognitions about their s ocial selves and worlds. (Hammen & Brennan, 2001, p. 8) This clearly contradicts beck’s argument that depression is cause by dysfunctional cognition but not vice versa. Hammen and Brennan (2001) discussed that adolescents gets depressed because of the interpersonal relationship with their mothers which then later lead them into dysfunctional cognitions. Whereas, beck states that dysfunctional attitudes comes first which then later on lead the person into depression. Another contradiction of these two concepts is that one states that depression is caused by the inner thinking without the influence of another person and on the contrary, the other is cause by the surrounding people and how they behave. Second Section Cognitive Theory Individuals with dysfunctional attitudes are likely to show increases in depressed mood following the occurrence of negative events which is stated in Beck`s theory. We can say that depression is caused by one’s thinking from the cognitiv e perspective. Someone with dysfunctional attitudes tends to think negatively toward themselves. When a negative event shows up, it triggers the negative thoughts over and over again which can lead to depression. The relationship between dysfunctional attitudes and increases in depressed mood following the occurrence of negative events is caused by negative views of the future . Beck’s cognitive theory of depression has generated a vast body of empirical research.Central to Beck’s theory is the construct of schemas(Beck’s (1967, 1983). Beck defines schemas as stored bodies of knowledge that affect the encoding, comprehension and retrieval of information. The content and organization of different individuals’ schemas vary according to their particular experiences. Once activated, depressogenic schemas provide access to a complex system of negative themes and cognitions which will lead to ‘negative cognitive triad'(Beck’s (1967, 1983). Beck de fines the negative cognitive triad as a negative view of the self, the world and the future. Beck hypothesizes that the negative cognitive triad is a sufficient cause of depression and will start showing some depressive symptoms such as deficits in affective, motivational, behavioural and physiological functioning(John R. Z. Abela,2000). Beck also states that there are three main dysfunctional belief themes (or â€Å"schemas†) that dominate depressed people’s thinking (Natalie Staats Reiss, Ph.D, 2007):

Stereotypes and Media Influence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Stereotypes and Media Influence - Essay Example 287) and (3) be responsible for communal discrimination as well as unfairness. Frequently, the â€Å"groups being stereotyped have little to say about how they are represented† (Merskin, p. 301). Stereotypes have a significant part in today's civilization - mainly in ‘misinformation’ or ‘half truth’. Stereotyping is as a preset conservative belief or idea of a person or group of individuals, held by several people. Stereotypes can be fundamental or intricate overviews, which â€Å"public apply to individuals or groups† (Merskin, p. 319), in accordance with their look, conduct and way of life. Stereotypes are present universally. However, the world appears to be getting better in a number of ways it seems nearly unattainable to release it from stereotypes. Stereotypes have been there from the start of time in daily life by means of faith, political affairs and the media. Human beings have the inclination to apply stereotypes in their wittiness, their depictions of others, and even in their way of life. One may think that it is feasible to get rid from such practices; nonetheless, if one observed the standard endorsements of misinformation, it would make this aim unfeasible. On the other hand, stereotypes are not negative at all times. Misinformation is a power, which can manipulate and have an effect on every person; making alterations in conduct, approach and ones thinking. It is as well identified that media affects its spectators by amending their opinions based on the data that they see. Large number of stereotypes televised by misinformation has related results. The media frequently utilizes as well as misrepresents stereotypes; nonetheless, considerable amount of people among society believe them. Television... The media frequently utilizes as well as misrepresents stereotypes; nonetheless, considerable amount of people among society believe them. Television programs, for instance, the Simpsons are filled with stereotypes during its thirty minutes of transmission. The Simpsons has a huge viewership that watch this program every day as it is aired in prime time. â€Å"Characters such as Apu are highly discriminated and stereotyped. On this show, Apu is characterized as an Indian immigrant, who prays to Ganesh, and he holds a highly noticeable and dissimilar accent†. This is a stereotype that is viewed by young kids and is recognized as comic; they relate this understanding towards individuals they meet in reality. Spectators of this program consider this knowledge to be entirely truthful for they hold slight or no understanding regarding that specific group. Despite the fact that the stereotypes publicized on television are misrepresented more often than not, they are pretty well ackn owledged by the viewers as the fact. The spectators who view such programs on a day-to-day basis do not identify the prejudiced content, which is being shown. In particular, media grabs the â€Å"interests of their audience through comedy, drama, and action which causes the viewers to disregard the immorality behind the content† (Schiappa, p. 259). Consequently, the usefulness of applying such stereotypes adds to the recognition of television programs. In contrast, the misinformation's utilization of stereotypes is not constantly a negative event. Misinformation’s use of stereotypes can occasionally provide one the enthusiasm to gain knowledge.

Trait of Effective Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Trait of Effective Communication - Essay Example Not to forget though, that effective communication may also be defined as the way a person uses his body language in order to convey his message. This can be done through the nod of the head, raising of the eyebrow, hunching of the shoulders... Any of these aforementioned method of communication can be taken to define what effective communication is all about. 2. There are two traits that are necessary in effective communication. The first trait is speaking clearly. By speaking clearly and properly explaining what it is that you wish to have another person understand, he will be able to get a clear grasp of what it is that you are trying to say. Being sure to use words that you are sure the person one is speaking to can understand, one can be sure that his message will definitely be received and understood. The second important trait of effective communication has everything to do with the ability of a person to listen attentively and actively. By listening attentively, one is able t o concentrate on the message being delivered by the person speaking. It will also allow for a better analysis of the discussion and active participation as one will be able to properly pose clarification questions whenever the need arises. 3. An example of a communication break that can occur which can result in the distorting of a message often occurs with the written word. This is because the written word can change its meaning depending upon the punctuation used or the mistaken context of a message. Something as simple as â€Å"Dont rush me! Im leaving now!† in a text message can either be taken as an angry message by the receiver or as a message of excitement. All depending upon the way that the message was perceived by the other side. On the other hand, a message such as â€Å"Dont bother. I can do it.† when spoken can be taken as either exasperated, angry, or simply a statement by the person hearing it. All depending upon the vocal intonation of the speaker.